• br Recent insights into EAAT structure function

  2022-06-14

  

  Recent insights into EAAT structure/function aspects The EAATs are secondary-active transporters coupling the movement of one Glu with the symport of three Na+ and one proton and the counter-transport of one K+ [3, 4]. The transporters are trimeric assemblies of protomers that function independen

• br Discussion RBCs possess a much simpler composition and

  2022-06-14

  

  Discussion RBCs possess a much simpler composition and structure than other eukaryotic Pyr3 and can therefore serve as a convenient system on which to study how cell functioning relates to the molecular and supramolecular properties of its constituents. The model developed in this work is aimed

• br Pannexins which form channels connecting cells

  2022-06-14

  

  Pannexins, which form channels connecting serine protease inhibitors with the extracellular environment, have also been studied in the setting of NASH. When open these channels participate in inflammatory processes. A decrease in lobular inflammation and oxidative stress was observed in mice with

• br Summary br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgments This

  2022-06-14

  

  Summary Conflict of interest Acknowledgments This study was supported by Grant No. 2014/13/B/NZ7/02277 from the National Science Centre, Poland. Introduction Progesterone (P) is an anticonvulsant hormone (Backstrom et al., 1984, Herzog, 1995, Herzog, 1999, Frye et al., 2000, Reddy, 2002

• Introduction G quadruplexes are therapeutically

  2022-06-14

  

  Introduction G-quadruplexes are therapeutically important non-canonical nucleic ubiquitin e3 ligase structures that are formed by a planar assembly of four guanines, termed G-tetrads (Fig. 1), in the guanine rich regions of genome [[1], [2], [3]]. As it is getting increasingly established, several

• To date the crystal structures of

  2022-06-14

  

  To date, the crystal structures of HIV-1 IN complexed with ligands and related proteins could help us in studying the interactions between the inhibitors and IN. Until now, 114 co-crystal structures of HIV-1 IN with small molecular ligands 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34,

• The following are the supplementary data related to

  2022-06-13

  

  The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Transparency document Introduction Hypoxia is a pathological process that causes abnormal changes in metabolism, function and morphological structure of tissue because of insufficient oxygen supply. It's reported that hypoxia w

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion CRC

  2022-06-13

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion CRC and PC occupy a good share in cancer-related deaths worldwide. CRC is a common gastrointestinal malignancy with a growing incidence whereas PC is one of the most dreadful malignancies with extremely poor survival rates. Though over the past decad

• br Conclusion Interactions between neurons and

  2022-06-13

  

  Conclusion Interactions between neurons and astrocytes depend on the spatial configuration of their contacts. Therefore, changes of astrocyte morphology may impact various physiological mechanisms ranging from glutamate uptake and potassium homeostasis to modulation of synaptic transmission and p

• br Introduction The replacement of a

  2022-06-13

  

  Introduction The replacement of a regular intake of healthy oils and fibres for a diet based substantially on high fat- and high sugar-content foods has had profound consequences for public health. These changes in the way that the populations of high income, particularly Western countries, manag

• The ketone body receptor HCA is most likely not

  2022-06-13

  

  The ketone body receptor HCA2 is most likely not active under normal conditions, since local levels and plasma levels of ketone bodies such as β-HB are too low to activate the receptor. However, overnight fasting or prolonged starvation results in plasma levels of the ketone body in the millimolar r

• Considering that loss of LAG

  2022-06-13

  

  Considering that loss of LAG-3 Bialaphos sodium salt synthesis results in increased CD4+ T cell homeostatic expansion, and that the ability of a cell to proliferate is tightly coupled to its metabolic profile, we hypothesized that LAG-3 regulates naive CD4+ T cell metabolism. Our results indicate th

• Some previous findings indicate that GALP has

  2022-06-10

  

  Some previous findings indicate that GALP has an influence on AVP and OT secretion from the posterior pituitary gland. Cunningham et al. (2004) noted that the expression of GALP mRNA was increased in the neurohypophysis of lactating rats compared to non-lactating rats, whereas GALP mRNA expression i

• br Competing interests br Authors contributions br Transpare

  2022-06-10

  

  Competing interests Authors contributions Transparency document Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of liver diseases ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may further progress to liver cirrhosis and liver carcinoma

• In order to estimate the

  2022-06-10

  

  In order to estimate the influence of mitochondrial hypo-polarization on generated OMP, IMP was changed from the normal value of Δψi = −140 mV (Fig. 4A, D, G) to Δψi = −100 mV (Fig. 4B, E, H), resulting in lower magnitudes of calculated OMP for hypo-polarized MLN2238 sale (Fig. 4B). Similarly, a re

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