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Although our data show that
2023-05-24
Although our data show that agrin accelerates the innervation of engineered muscle tissue following implantation, there are still several issues that need to be considered. First, the use of primary muscle stem or progenitor Calpain Inhibitor XII (satellite cells) instead of an immortalized muscle
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YK-4-279 Another significant group of reductase
2023-05-24
Another significant group of 5α-reductase inhibitors is the steroidal 3-carboxylic YK-4-279 derivatives (relevant examples in Fig. 5), which were designed to mimic the putative enzyme-bound enolate intermediate. This was achieved by introducing sp2-hybridized centers at C3 and C4 and an anionic car
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Five alternatively spliced isoforms of ATX
2023-05-24
Five alternatively-spliced isoforms of ATX have been described and all are catalytically active [16], [17]. The original ATX described in 1992 is termed ATXα, whereas the most abundant isoform is ATXβ and is the same isoform responsible for plasma lysoPLD activity [18]. Full length ATX is synthesize
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The overall mechanism of the Cdc complex resembles that
2023-05-24
The overall mechanism of the Cdc48 complex resembles that of the 19S regulatory subunit of the proteasome, which also uses receptor proteins to bind polyubiquitin chains attached to a substrate and employs a translocation mechanism (for review, see Kish-Trier and Hill, 2013). As with Cdc48, full sub
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The neural circuitry involved in the production of
2023-05-24
The neural circuitry involved in the production of the EOD, its modulations, and in the sensory processing of communication signals has been well characterized (Bell and Maler, 2005; Chacron et al., 2011; Krahe and Maler, 2014; reviewed in Metzner, 1999). Pacemaker cells located in the pacemaker nuc
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In our previous study we found that the total activity
2023-05-17
In our previous study we found that the total activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase in cancer ON123300 of RCC is at the same level as in normal renal tissue [10]. These findings are similar to our results in serum patients with renal cancer. There is no significant difference between ALDH activity in s
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Adenosine receptors activate a number of
2023-05-17
Adenosine receptors activate a number of signalling pathways involved in tissue survival including several mitogen-activated protein kinases (Fredholm et al., 2001). The common feature of all adenosine receptors is the positive coupling to ERK1/2, whilst A2B and A3 receptors can also activate the st
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ym express In an effort to determine if one
2023-05-17
In an effort to determine if one 5ARI was more effective than the other, the Enlarged Prostate International Comparator Study (EPICS) [17] compared treatment with finasteride and dutasteride in 1630 men over the age of 50 and concluded that after one year of treatment, both groups had statistically
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Congruously our findings of voltage electrode
2023-05-17
Congruously, our findings of voltage-electrode-clamping assays indicate that hipN851K mutation mediates partial loss of Na+/K+-ATPase pump currents, also confirming our thesis that hipN851K mutation acts as a hypomorph. As demonstrated here by our external electrical stimulation studies and ECG reco
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Significant reductions in GYN cancer patient mortality and m
2023-05-17
Significant reductions in GYN cancer patient mortality and morbidity rates require treatments that proactively prevent and reverse resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. Combining chemotherapy and radiation with inhibitors of key DDR proteins targets is likely to enhance the ability of genotoxic
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The mitogen activated protein kinase MAPK plays an
2023-05-17
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays an important role in a variety of cell processes by controlling transcriptional or translational regulation [14]. There are three major MAPK family members that have been well characterized: extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-termin
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Introduction Cytochrome P CYP aromatase catalyzes
2023-05-17
Introduction Cytochrome P450 19 (CYP19; aromatase) catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens in a three-reaction sequence, where each step depends on NADPH and O2 [[1], [2], [3]]. The first two steps are accepted to be hydroxylations of the steroid C19 methyl group, whereas the final step
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Currently NSAIDs which achieve antineoplastic actions mainly
2023-05-17
Currently, NSAIDs which achieve antineoplastic actions mainly through apoptosis are emerging choice in chemotherapy. Their antineoplastic effects were demonstrated before in tumor-bearing models [5], [6], [7]. Through in vitro cell models, we identified an indomethacin-activation of ceramide/PP2A/Ak
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br Nanoparticle Conjugated Topoisomerase Inhibitors The
2023-05-17
Nanoparticle-Conjugated Topoisomerase Inhibitors The safety and efficacy of topotecan administered as LDM or MTD have been evaluated in several preclinical studies and a few clinical trials whose results showed that there can be significant adverse effects likely precluding its use in patients [5
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br Emerging Vascular Mechanisms of AA Therapy Resistance Exp
2023-05-17
Emerging Vascular Mechanisms of AA Therapy Resistance Experimental and clinical evidence indicates that physiological angiogenesis generates blood vessels capable of restoring perfusion [1], whereas tumoral angiogenesis gives rise to vessels that are structurally and functionally abnormal, therei
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