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br Introduction Topological hedgehogs keep generating
2022-02-15
Introduction Topological hedgehogs keep generating interest in point-set topology as they are a rich source of counterexamples and applications (for a comprehensive survey on topological hedgehogs we refer to [1]; see also [9]). They may be described as a set of spines identified at a single poin
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br Introduction The discovery that the nitric oxide NO solub
2022-02-15
Introduction The discovery that the nitric oxide (NO), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway mediates erection has led to the use of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors as the gold standard for treating erectile dysfunction (ED) through the inh
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For the study described herein analogues of
2022-02-14
For the study described herein, analogues of CID1792197 (2) were selected for exploration. There are a variety of reasons for this decision. First, the synthetic approach, described hereafter, is modular in nature to rapidly enable the independent modification of either end of the molecule. Second,
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br Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National I
2022-02-14
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 A1084898) to M.V. Williams and M.E. Ariza. Introduction Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) has emerged as the preferred term for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in women due to the uncertain relationship between androg
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The results of our study indicate the general importance of
2022-02-14
The results of our study indicate the general importance of the gp120 V3 loop isoprenaline patch in the subunit association of primate immunodeficiency virus Env trimers. Our observation that the stem insertion mutants and hydrophobic patch mutants exhibit similar phenotypes with respect to gp120 sh
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br RNA preparation cDNA synthesis and RT PCR
2022-02-14
RNA preparation, cDNA synthesis and RT-PCR Trizol reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) was used to extract total RNA from tissues according to the manufacturer’s protocol and isolated RNA quantity was determined by UV spectrophotometry (Nanodrop, Thermo Scientific, USA) and RNA integrity was v
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Over expression of Glo can suppress inflammatory responses M
2022-02-14
Over-expression of Glo-1 can suppress inflammatory responses. Methylglyoxal mediates vascular inflammation in human endothelial GZD824 [33], indicating that Glo-1 may attenuate inflammation via eliminating methylglyoxal. Glo-1 knockdown mediated methylglyoxal accumulation provokes collagen expressi
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br Introduction Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnos
2022-02-14
Introduction Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men in the United States, accounting for about 30,000 cancer deaths annually [1]. Epidemiological studies that show geographical variations in prostate cancer incidence and mortalit
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KU-0060648 sale br Introduction L Glutamate is
2022-02-14
Introduction L-Glutamate is one of the most prevalent excitatory signaling molecules in the central nervous system (CNS) (Salazar et al., 2016) and plays a crucial role in a variety of KU-0060648 sale functions such as memory and learning (Danbolt, 2001, Nedergaard et al., 2002). At elevated conc
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Ca independent release of L C glutamate
2022-02-14
Ca2+-independent release of L-[14C]glutamate and [3Н]GABA that occurs via transporters working in the reverse mode also insignificantly increased in vitamin D3 deficiency despite decreased GAT-3 and EAAC-1 Apoptosis Inhibitor receptor and neurotransmitter uptake efficacy Fig. 3, Fig. 6 A). However,
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br Materials and Methods br
2022-02-14
Materials and Methods Results Discussion A model of seizure and excitotoxicity induced by neonatal MSG administration was described recently (19) in which extracellular glutamate increased after the first and second MSG administrations were observed, the greatest increase seen following the
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nicotinic receptor agonist Shikonin represents naphtoquinoni
2022-02-14
Shikonin represents naphtoquinonic compound isolated from the Chinese plant Lithospermum erythrorhizon[20]. Shikonin treatment inhibits AKT and ERK signaling pathways and induces apoptosis through FOXO transcription factors and mitochondrial pathway [21], [22]. Recent results suggest inhibition of l
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Acarbose and voglibose the classic glucosidase
2022-02-14
Acarbose and voglibose, the classic α-glucosidase inhibitors, were clinically used to inhibit α-glucosidase activity for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, the intake of these drugs may cause some undesirable gastrointestinal side effects and weight gain (Xu et al., 2015). The synthetic drug
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The fine interplay among post translational modifications
2022-02-14
The fine interplay among post-translational modifications and intersection with other pathways, such as PI3K–AKT, has a crucial role in the regulation of GLI activity and in the generation of their repressor forms 40, 41, 42. In addition to β-TrCP, for example, other E3 ligases belonging to the real
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br Ghrelin and energy balance To characterize the physiologi
2022-02-14
Ghrelin and dormin balance To characterize the physiological role of ghrelin in energy homeostasis, ghsr−/− and ghrelin−/− mice were generated [33], [36], [41], [47]. Although ghrelin regulates the amplitude of episodic GH release, ghsr−/− mice were not dwarfs, and in fact appear identical to th
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