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It is well known that TNF plays a pivotal role
2022-03-24
It is well known that TNF-α plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of RA. TNF-α influences diverse pathologic processes including joint destruction as well as inflammatory responses [16]. While TNF-α significantly increases the levels of sFas and mFas expression from FLS, IL-1β and IL-17 have mini
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br Introduction A great many isoprenoids with varieties
2022-03-24
Introduction A great many isoprenoids with varieties of structural diversity, such as steroids, carotenoids, prenyl quinones, and natural rubber, occur in nature. All of these biosynthetic precursors are constructed by the action of prenyl chain elongating enzymes [1], [2], [3], [4]. These enzyme
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Similar to in vitro data in vivo studies
2022-03-24
Similar to in vitro data, in vivo studies have also revealed modulation of TLR4-induced inflammatory responses by AEA. The proposed AEA reuptake inhibitor AM404 has been shown to attenuate TLR4-induced increases in plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-1β, the latter effect mediated by CB1 receptor activatio
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Carbenicillin While the dogma of the mainstream considers Hi
2022-03-24
While the dogma of the mainstream considers Hippo pathway as a series of size-controlling kinases, there were still some controversial data supporting that YAP, a vital oncoprotein of Hippo downstream, is antagonistic to regenerative proliferation [[20], [21], [22]]. Known for its expansion-driving
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Anti apoptotic Bcl proteins have
2022-03-24
Anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins have become attractive targets for anti-cancer agents development, because they are associated with progression of a wide variety of human cancers., , The small-molecular Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax (ABT-199) () has been approved recently for the treatment of patients w
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Small but statistically significant variance in
2022-03-24
Small but statistically significant variance in 7 PhyChem indexes measured using intra-host HVR1 variants was shown to be strongly associated with CIP and MIP. All HVR1 sequences (N = 28,622) used here share only 6782 profiles of the selected 29 DAC’ of 7 PhyChem indexes. The significant majority (9
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We are pursuing a hit
2022-03-24
We are pursuing a hit-to-lead medicinal chemistry campaign to optimize inhibitors of the HBV RNaseH. Here, we report the activity of seven new HIDs and nine new HPDs, with significant improvements in in vitro potency and cytotoxicity profiles for the HPD compounds. Materials and methods Result
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Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC is the fifth most
2022-03-24
Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most lethal malignant tumor worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death [1]. For HCC patients, lfm australia virus (HBV) infection is the important causative risk factor in Asia-Pacific regions [[2], [3], [4]]. In China
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Continuing studies of endocannabinoid ligands at GPR reveal
2022-03-24
Continuing studies of endocannabinoid ligands at GPR55 reveal that virodhamine (O-arachidonylethanolamine) and AEA can act as a partial agonists at GPR55; at high micromolar concentrations can inhibit β-arrestin recruitment (Sharir et al., 2012). It is likely that there are allosteric as well as ort
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br Material and methods br Results
2022-03-24
Material and methods Results Discussion The inhibitory action of a GABA agonist, muscimol, on the level of mRNA encoding GnRH in the POA-hypothalamus [25] of follicular-phase sheep has suggested that at the hypothalamic level GABA may exert a suppressive effect on subsequent steps of the Gn
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Hesperidin is an abundant and inexpensive
2022-03-24
Hesperidin is an abundant and inexpensive plant flavonoid, largely derived from citrus species including sweet orange and lemon. Hesperetin (Hst) is the aglycone of hesperidin. Hesperidin and hesperetin have been reported to show a battery of pharmacological properties, including anti-hyperlipidemic
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An alternative to the chemoenzymatic preparation of glycopro
2022-03-24
An alternative to the chemoenzymatic preparation of glycoproteins is the production through total chemical synthesis or semi-synthesis [2,3,]. Many successful glycoprotein syntheses are based on native chemical ligation (NCL) [11], a reaction where unprotected peptides and glycopeptides of any lengt
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Compared to previously reported atypical
2022-03-24
Compared to previously reported atypical N-glycosites that were identified based on the deamidation of asparagine residues after PNGase F treatment [106], [107], these two studies further validated the identified atypical motif glycosites by directly identifying their intact glycopeptides. Since the
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Transcriptional translational modulators The discovery that
2022-03-24
Transcriptional/translational modulators. The discovery that β-lactam antibiotics like ceftriaxone enhance the in vivo expression of EAAT2/GLT-1 [31] has pioneered a completely new approach to EAAT modulation, with several additional EAAT activators following in its trail (Figure 2b) [32, 33, 34•, 3
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ICH induced striatal lesion produced a reduction
2022-03-24
ICH-induced striatal lesion produced a reduction of EAAT1 expression analogous to the decreased glutamate uptake at 6 h. The combined reduction of excitatory amino CCK-8 transporters and of glutamate uptake activity might explain the well-known glutamate excitotoxicity following brain ischemia (Rao
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